This study, published in JAMA Network Open on October 18, aimed to assess both its cardiovascular benefits and its effects on aging-related changes.
Positive Outcomes for Body Composition
The results highlighted the potential of an energy-reduced Mediterranean diet when combined with increased physical activity. Participants, totaling 1,521 middle-aged and older individuals with overweight or metabolic conditions, were split into two groups:
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Group 1: Calorie Reduction & Increased Activity
The first group followed a Mediterranean diet with a 30% calorie reduction and increased physical activity. They experienced ‘clinically significant’ changes in body composition, including a 5% or greater reduction in fat mass, visceral fat mass, and lean muscle loss after just one year of following the diet.
Group 2: No Calorie Restrictions
The second group followed a Mediterranean diet without calorie restrictions or changes in physical activity. The text recommended around 45 minutes of exercise six days a week to align with the naturally active lifestyle of Mediterranean residents. Additionally, participants in the study regularly interacted with dietitians, which contributed to improved food relationships and habits.
The Mediterranean Diet Essentials
This diet emphasizes whole foods, including beans, vegetables, whole grains, healthy fats, seeds, nuts, and fish-based dishes. An energy-reduced Mediterranean diet features more protein, fewer added sugars, and higher quantities of fresh vegetables and fruits, rather than dried fruits.
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Challenges in the US
In contrast, the US tends to consume Mediterranean treats like pita, shawarma, and falafel with minimal attention to vegetables. The nutritionist encouraged Americans to reduce pita bread consumption and fill half of their plates with Mediterranean diet staples like roasted eggplants, pickled turnips, and chopped salads.
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In Conclusion
In conclusion, the Mediterranean diet, combined with exercise and an emphasis on vegetables. Can positively affect body composition and overall health. This text underscores the importance of dietary guidance and consistent support to address unhealthy eating habits in the US.
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